Which progressive degenerative disease of the brain leads to memory loss and confusion?

The correct choice is Alzheimer's disease because it is a progressive degenerative disorder specifically known for causing memory loss, confusion, and various cognitive declines. Alzheimer's primarily affects older adults and leads to substantial impairments in daily functioning due to the destruction of brain cells.

As the disease progresses, individuals may struggle even with simple tasks and may fail to recognize familiar people or places. This decline is largely attributed to the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, which disrupt communication between neurons and lead to cell death.

The other conditions listed, while serious and impactful, do not primarily manifest through memory loss and confusion to the same extent. Parkinson’s disease is characterized more by motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity, Huntington’s disease involves movement disorders and psychiatric symptoms, and multiple sclerosis presents with a range of neurological issues, but memory loss is not the central feature.